Interface for configuring angular modules.

A cache object used to store and retrieve data, primarily used by $http and the script directive to cache templates and other data.

A shared object between directive compile / linking functions which contains normalized DOM element attributes. The values reflect current binding state {{ }}. The normalization is needed since all of these are treated as equivalent in Angular:

FormController keeps track of all its controls and nested forms as well as the state of them, such as being valid/invalid or dirty/pristine.

NgModelController provides API for the ng-model directive. The controller contains services for data-binding, validation, CSS updates, and value formatting and parsing. It purposefully does not contain any logic which deals with DOM rendering or listening to DOM events. Such DOM related logic should be provided by other directives which make use of NgModelController for data-binding.

A root scope can be retrieved using the $rootScope key from the $injector. Child scopes are created using the $new() method. (Most scopes are created automatically when compiled HTML template is executed.)